本文首先從標準的角度定義了電纜橋架,并用通俗的語言闡述了它的功能。然后根據國家標準對電纜橋架類型進行了概述。在類型選擇上,提出了根據使用環境、電纜敷設要求等因素選擇非常佳方案的原則。對于規格選擇,給出了應考慮填充率、承載能力、剛度等因素的建議。正確使用方面,概括了應按設計圖紙規范施工,遵循間距要求,禁止亂用等注意事項。在維護方面,提出了應加強檢查、保持清潔、潤滑連接、定期維護等具體建議。本文系統地介紹了電纜橋架的方方面面,可以作為電纜橋架的使用與維護不可多得的重要指南。

　　This article first defines cable trays from a standard perspective and explains their functions in plain language. Then, an overview of cable tray types was provided based on national standards. In terms of type selection, the principle of selecting the best solution based on factors such as usage environment and cable laying requirements has been proposed. For the selection of specifications, suggestions were given to consider factors such as filling rate, bearing capacity, and stiffness. In terms of correct use, it summarizes the precautions of following the design drawings, adhering to spacing requirements, and prohibiting unauthorized use. In terms of maintenance, specific suggestions were proposed to strengthen inspections, maintain cleanliness, lubricate connections, and perform regular maintenance. This article systematically introduces various aspects of cable trays, which can serve as an important guide for the use and maintenance of cable trays.

　　PART 1電纜橋架定義及功能概述

　　PART 1 Definition and Function Overview of Cable Tray

　　01常用國家標準定義

　　01 Common National Standard Definitions

　　①機械行業標準《JB/T 10216-2013電控配電用電纜橋架》定義3.1.1，電纜橋架cable supports system：由電纜托盤或電纜梯架的直線段、彎通、附件及支吊架等構成具有支撐電纜的鋼性結構系統之全稱(簡稱橋架)。

　　① The mechanical industry standard "JB/T 10216-2013 Cable Trays for Electrical Control and Distribution" defines 3.1.1 as cable support system, which refers to a steel structural system consisting of straight sections, bends, accessories, and supports and hangers of cable trays or cable ladders that support cables.

　　②工程建設協會標準《T/CECS 31-2017 鋼制電纜橋架工程技術規程》術語2.0.1，電纜橋架 cable supporting system：由主體（托盤或梯架）、附件和支、吊架等部件構成，用于支持電纜線路且具有一定剛度的結構系統。

　　② Terminology 2.0.1 of the Engineering Construction Association standard "T/CECS 31-2017 Technical Specification for Steel Cable Tray Engineering" states that cable support system is a structural system consisting of a main body (tray or ladder), accessories, supports, hangers, and other components used to support cable lines and has a certain degree of rigidity.

　　02通俗的講：電纜橋架是用來“架”電纜的通俗一點說電纜橋架是用來“架”電纜的，可以讓我們把各種電纜或者信號線掛在上面,防止它們亂七八糟的到處爬。這樣橋架就具備了以下功能：①. 懸掛電纜,防止電纜直接接觸地面;②. 保護電纜免受外界損壞;③. 排列電纜整齊有序,方便檢查維護;④. 改善電纜散熱;⑤. 美化環境,提高工作效率。

　　Simply put, cable tray is used to "frame" cables. It allows us to hang various cables or signal lines on it to prevent them from crawling around in a disorderly manner. This way, the bridge has the following functions: ① Hanging cables to prevent direct contact with the ground; ②. Protect cables from external damage; ③. Arrange cables neatly and orderly for easy inspection and maintenance; ④. Improve cable heat dissipation; ⑤. Beautify the environment and improve work efficiency.

　　PART 2電纜橋架的類型

　　Types of Cable Trays for PART 2

　　1. 無孔托盤包含金屬線槽、槽式橋架、封閉式橋架、無孔托盤式橋架

　　1. Non perforated trays include metal wire trays, trough type trays, enclosed trays, and non perforated tray type trays

　　2. 有孔托盤包含有孔托盤式橋架

　　2. Perforated tray includes perforated tray type bridge

　　3. 網格式托盤包含網格式橋架

　　3. The grid tray includes a grid tray

　　4. 梯架包含梯式橋架、走線架

　　4. The ladder frame includes a ladder bridge and a wiring rack

　　PART 3電纜橋架型式的選擇要點

　　Key points for selecting cable tray types for PART 3

　　1. 對油、腐蝕性液體、易燃粉塵等環境及戶外需要遮陽的場所,應選用有蓋無孔型托盤（槽式橋架、金屬線槽、封閉橋架）。

　　1. For environments such as oil, corrosive liquids, flammable dust, and outdoor places that require shading, covered and non perforated trays (trough type cable trays, metal wire trays, enclosed cable trays) should be selected.

　　2. 在潔凈環境或線纜需要頻繁引入、引出的場所,宜選用網格式金屬電纜托盤（網格橋架）。

　　2. In clean environments or places where cables need to be frequently introduced and led out, it is advisable to use grid format metal cable trays (grid trays).

　　3. 除了以上特殊環境,一般可選擇有孔托盤、無孔托盤或梯架。戶外場所宜帶有蓋板。

　　3. In addition to the special environments mentioned above, perforated trays, non perforated trays, or ladders can generally be selected. Outdoor places should have cover plates.

　　4. 垂直敷設時應選用梯架或有電纜綁扎帶的托盤。

　　When laying vertically, ladder racks or trays with cable ties should be selected.

　　5.公共通道或戶外跨越道路段,底層宜采用托盤或梯架底部加防護板。

　　5. When crossing public passages or outdoor road sections, it is advisable to use pallets or ladder frames with protective boards at the bottom.

　　6. 腐蝕環境應選用抗蝕型號,或做防腐處理。

　　6. Corrosion resistant models or anti-corrosion treatments should be selected for corrosive environments.

　　7. 綠色施工應選用環保產品和工藝。總之,電纜橋架型式應根據使用環境、電纜敷設要求、荷載條件等因素選擇非常佳方案。

　　7. Green construction should use environmentally friendly products and processes. In short, the type of cable tray should be selected based on factors such as the usage environment, cable laying requirements, and load conditions to determine the optimal solution.

　　PART 4電纜橋架規格的選擇要點

　　Key points for selecting specifications of PART 4 cable tray

　　托盤、梯架常用規格系列（mm）1. 電纜在托盤、梯架內的填充率不應超過50%(動力、照明電纜)或70%(弱電、控制電纜),且應預留發展裕量。

　　Common specification series for trays and ladders (mm) 1. The filling rate of cables in trays and ladders should not exceed 50% (for power and lighting cables) or 70% (for weak current and control cables), and a development margin should be reserved.

　　2. 所選托盤、梯架規格的承載能力應滿足工作載荷要求,工作載荷不應超過安全工作載荷。

　　2. The load-bearing capacity of the selected tray and ladder specifications should meet the requirements of the working load, and the working load should not exceed the safe working load.

　　3. 在安全工作載荷下,橋架的非常大允許相對撓度不應超過跨距的1/200。

　　3. Under safe working load, the maximum allowable relative deflection of the bridge should not exceed 1/200 of the span.

　　4. 一般可根據電纜數量初步估計托盤寬度;根據電纜外徑、敷設層數估算托盤高度。

　　4. Generally, the width of the tray can be estimated based on the number of cables; Estimate the tray height based on the outer diameter of the cable and the number of laying layers.

　　5. 應選擇系列化的標準尺寸規格產品,直線段宜為單件標準長度2000mm。

　　5. A series of standard size specifications should be selected, and the straight section should be a single standard length of 2000mm.

　　6. 各類彎頭、附件規格應與直線段匹配使用。

　　6. Various elbow and accessory specifications should be matched with the straight section for use.

　　7. 支、吊架規格應根據托盤荷載、跨距、層數等條件選擇,滿足強度和剛度需求。

　　7. The specifications of supports and hangers should be selected based on tray load, span, number of layers, and other conditions to meet strength and stiffness requirements.

　　8. 對大跨距、重載或者特殊工況,應選用專門加強的型號或方案。非常后應綜合考慮技術指標、價格、施工難易程度等因素,選擇性價比高的規格。

　　8. For large spans, heavy loads, or special working conditions, specially reinforced models or schemes should be selected. Finally, factors such as technical indicators, price, and construction difficulty should be comprehensively considered to choose specifications with high cost-effectiveness.

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